Ren Xiong (1823–1857) was a Chinese painter of the late Qing Dynasty. Born into a humble family in Xiaoshan, Zhejiang, he initially studied portrait painting under a village tutor from a young age. Later, he lived in Suzhou and Shanghai, supporting himself by selling his paintings.

A pivotal period was his three-year stay at his close friend Zhou Xian's Fanhu Cottage, followed by time at the residence of renowned poet Yao Xie, where he intensively studied classical works.

Ren Xiong was a complete master of painting, excelling in figures, flowers, landscapes, birds, insects, and animals. His art blended vernacular and classical traditions, creating a hybrid style characterized by fresh, elegant brushwork, an antique mood, and ingenious compositions. Though his life was tragically cut short at 34, his art profoundly influenced the Shanghai School and the development of modern Chinese painting.